Suicide risk model based on the interpersonal theory of suicide: evidence in three regions of Mexico

  • Modesto Solis-Espinoza Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Iztacala, Mexico. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9043-4245
  • Juan Manuel Mancilla Díaz Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Iztacala, Mexico. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7259-3667
  • Rosalía Vázquez Arévalo Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Iztacala, Mexico. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6491-9639
Keywords: suicide, self-injury, interpersonal theory, thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomness

Abstract

Background: Reports of suicidal behavior have increased in Mexico for years. In order to develop a more adequate suicide prevention strategy, it is necessary to understand its predictive factors, so the purpose of this research was to propose a model of suicidal risk in young people, taking into account one of the most current theories on the subject, Joiner's interpersonal theory. Method: A non-probabilistic sample of young people with suicidal ideation from three regions of Mexico was obtained by online survey (N=411), with mean age of 17.89 years (SD. 1.2), 336 women (81.8%), and 75 men (18.2%). Results: First, a multiple linear regression model was created to predict suicidal risk based on thwarted belongingness and perceived burden with 17% explained variance; then a second model was generated with the same variables and including other factors associated with suicide such as self-injury desires, impulsivity and suicide attempts, in addition to variables associated with family conflicts, improving the explained variance to 34%. Lastly, two properly adjusted structural equation models were obtained, one focused on suicidal risk (R2=.21; RMSEA=.026; CFI=.99) and the other on ideation (R2=.18; RMSEA=.070; CFI=.98). Conclusions: The main factors that explain suicidal risk are depressive symptoms, perceived burden and desires for self-injury. Further research on the effect of painful experiences as factors that could predict suicide attempt is suggested.

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References

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Published
2023-02-23
How to Cite
Solis-Espinoza, M., Mancilla Díaz, J., & Vázquez Arévalo, R. (2023). Suicide risk model based on the interpersonal theory of suicide: evidence in three regions of Mexico. Interacciones, 9, e284. https://doi.org/10.24016/2023.v9.284
Section
Original paper